Heurleute System in Germany
One important custom in Germany is that in certain areas, surnames went with the farm. That is why sometimes a man would the name of his wife. Even if she died, he kept her name because he kept the farm. The farm would normally belong to him until the marriage of his oldest son.
Vollerben were full heirs. Their farms are said to be the "first farms" and they may be very old, around 1000 years. It was the highest status a farm could have. Next was Halberbe or half heirs. Colonus (male)/Colona (female) is a title in Latin and was the usual term for someone who owned a farm with the status of Vollerbe or Halberbe.
The Mark was land owned in common by all the people and all were allowed to use it. Of course, the Vollerben had the right to feed more pigs and cows in the Mark than the Halberbe. The Mark was often forest used as a meadow, and land that wasn’t good for arable land. It might be moor or stony land.
The problem began when the heirs had more children than farms. So the owners started to establish the Kotten. They got permission from the landlord to separate some land from their farm for a son or brother - that was called the Erbkotten. Or they got permission from the Mark community to cultivate some land in the Mark - that became the Markkotten. Eventually there were more children than farms, because the Kotter had children as well. So the next status was the Heurleute or tenants. They got a small house and a bit of land from the farmer and they had to work on the farm. And of course, the work for the farmer always came firSt They were usually quite poor and had another trade to make some money. The property did not belong to them. They leased it through their labor. Beneath the Heurleute were day-labourers, farm-hands and farm-less. Heurleute often chose to emigrate, as did the siblings of the heir.
Joes Franz was the first son of the 2nd marriage: his older brother inherited the family farm; Joes and his wife became heuerleute at Telbrake, amt Vechta, Oldenburg.
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Sacramental Book of the Church of The Blessed Virgin Mary in Oythe..
Baptism: page 40 - 1741 22 Mai Parentes: Joan Herbert Repking Lugus Ecclessia Custos Matri Rebecca Niemann - Baptizati Joes Francicus - Patri Frantz Wilhelm Bundersack, Lustus: Gulesia Cushoe, Mata: Elizabetha Cloppenburg, Obsish: Helena Wilehing
Marriage: page 224 1779 4 May Copulati in Itzo Consanguinitatis graduaguali dispensati Franciscus Repking et virgo Anna Maria Tole presentibus testibus Anton Adelman et Hern Henrieo Hortman
On May 4, 1779, I married, in accordance with a dispensation due to a blood relationship, Francis Repking and the maiden Anna Maria Tole, presented by the witnesses Anton Adelman and Herman Henri Hortman
Tode: Verzeichniss der im Jahre 1818 im Kirchspiel Oythe Verstorbenen Nro 2 Tage Todes March 14 Bergrabniss March 17 Namen, Stand und Wohnung Franz Rebking Telebracke Alter Jahr 77
Death: Death Register for the year 1818 in the Parish District Church at Oythe Number 22. Day of Death March 14, buried March 17 Name, Status and Residence Franz Rebking Telebracke Age 77 years
One important custom in Germany is that in certain areas, surnames went with the farm. That is why sometimes a man would the name of his wife. Even if she died, he kept her name because he kept the farm. The farm would normally belong to him until the marriage of his oldest son.
Vollerben were full heirs. Their farms are said to be the "first farms" and they may be very old, around 1000 years. It was the highest status a farm could have. Next was Halberbe or half heirs. Colonus (male)/Colona (female) is a title in Latin and was the usual term for someone who owned a farm with the status of Vollerbe or Halberbe.
The Mark was land owned in common by all the people and all were allowed to use it. Of course, the Vollerben had the right to feed more pigs and cows in the Mark than the Halberbe. The Mark was often forest used as a meadow, and land that wasn’t good for arable land. It might be moor or stony land.
The problem began when the heirs had more children than farms. So the owners started to establish the Kotten. They got permission from the landlord to separate some land from their farm for a son or brother - that was called the Erbkotten. Or they got permission from the Mark community to cultivate some land in the Mark - that became the Markkotten. Eventually there were more children than farms, because the Kotter had children as well. So the next status was the Heurleute or tenants. They got a small house and a bit of land from the farmer and they had to work on the farm. And of course, the work for the farmer always came firSt They were usually quite poor and had another trade to make some money. The property did not belong to them. They leased it through their labor. Beneath the Heurleute were day-labourers, farm-hands and farm-less. Heurleute often chose to emigrate, as did the siblings of the heir.
Joes Franz was the first son of the 2nd marriage: his older brother inherited the family farm; Joes and his wife became heuerleute at Telbrake, amt Vechta, Oldenburg.
--
Sacramental Book of the Church of The Blessed Virgin Mary in Oythe..
Baptism: page 40 - 1741 22 Mai Parentes: Joan Herbert Repking Lugus Ecclessia Custos Matri Rebecca Niemann - Baptizati Joes Francicus - Patri Frantz Wilhelm Bundersack, Lustus: Gulesia Cushoe, Mata: Elizabetha Cloppenburg, Obsish: Helena Wilehing
Marriage: page 224 1779 4 May Copulati in Itzo Consanguinitatis graduaguali dispensati Franciscus Repking et virgo Anna Maria Tole presentibus testibus Anton Adelman et Hern Henrieo Hortman
On May 4, 1779, I married, in accordance with a dispensation due to a blood relationship, Francis Repking and the maiden Anna Maria Tole, presented by the witnesses Anton Adelman and Herman Henri Hortman
Tode: Verzeichniss der im Jahre 1818 im Kirchspiel Oythe Verstorbenen Nro 2 Tage Todes March 14 Bergrabniss March 17 Namen, Stand und Wohnung Franz Rebking Telebracke Alter Jahr 77
Death: Death Register for the year 1818 in the Parish District Church at Oythe Number 22. Day of Death March 14, buried March 17 Name, Status and Residence Franz Rebking Telebracke Age 77 years
Heurleute System in Germany
One important custom in Germany is that in certain areas, surnames went with the farm. That is why sometimes a man would the name of his wife. Even if she died, he kept her name because he kept the farm. The farm would normally belong to him until the marriage of his oldest son.
Vollerben were full heirs. Their farms are said to be the "first farms" and they may be very old, around 1000 years. It was the highest status a farm could have. Next was Halberbe or half heirs. Colonus (male)/Colona (female) is a title in Latin and was the usual term for someone who owned a farm with the status of Vollerbe or Halberbe.
The Mark was land owned in common by all the people and all were allowed to use it. Of course, the Vollerben had the right to feed more pigs and cows in the Mark than the Halberbe. The Mark was often forest used as a meadow, and land that wasn’t good for arable land. It might be moor or stony land.
The problem began when the heirs had more children than farms. So the owners started to establish the Kotten. They got permission from the landlord to separate some land from their farm for a son or brother - that was called the Erbkotten. Or they got permission from the Mark community to cultivate some land in the Mark - that became the Markkotten. Eventually there were more children than farms, because the Kotter had children as well. So the next status was the Heurleute or tenants. They got a small house and a bit of land from the farmer and they had to work on the farm. And of course, the work for the farmer always came firSt They were usually quite poor and had another trade to make some money. The property did not belong to them. They leased it through their labor. Beneath the Heurleute were day-labourers, farm-hands and farm-less. Heurleute often chose to emigrate, as did the siblings of the heir.
Joes Franz was the first son of the 2nd marriage: his older brother inherited the family farm; Joes and his wife became heuerleute at Telbrake, amt Vechta, Oldenburg.
--
Sacramental Book of the Church of The Blessed Virgin Mary in Oythe..
Baptism: page 40 - 1741 22 Mai Parentes: Joan Herbert Repking Lugus Ecclessia Custos Matri Rebecca Niemann - Baptizati Joes Francicus - Patri Frantz Wilhelm Bundersack, Lustus: Gulesia Cushoe, Mata: Elizabetha Cloppenburg, Obsish: Helena Wilehing
Marriage: page 224 1779 4 May Copulati in Itzo Consanguinitatis graduaguali dispensati Franciscus Repking et virgo Anna Maria Tole presentibus testibus Anton Adelman et Hern Henrieo Hortman
On May 4, 1779, I married, in accordance with a dispensation due to a blood relationship, Francis Repking and the maiden Anna Maria Tole, presented by the witnesses Anton Adelman and Herman Henri Hortman
Tode: Verzeichniss der im Jahre 1818 im Kirchspiel Oythe Verstorbenen Nro 2 Tage Todes March 14 Bergrabniss March 17 Namen, Stand und Wohnung Franz Rebking Telebracke Alter Jahr 77
Death: Death Register for the year 1818 in the Parish District Church at Oythe Number 22. Day of Death March 14, buried March 17 Name, Status and Residence Franz Rebking Telebracke Age 77 years
One important custom in Germany is that in certain areas, surnames went with the farm. That is why sometimes a man would the name of his wife. Even if she died, he kept her name because he kept the farm. The farm would normally belong to him until the marriage of his oldest son.
Vollerben were full heirs. Their farms are said to be the "first farms" and they may be very old, around 1000 years. It was the highest status a farm could have. Next was Halberbe or half heirs. Colonus (male)/Colona (female) is a title in Latin and was the usual term for someone who owned a farm with the status of Vollerbe or Halberbe.
The Mark was land owned in common by all the people and all were allowed to use it. Of course, the Vollerben had the right to feed more pigs and cows in the Mark than the Halberbe. The Mark was often forest used as a meadow, and land that wasn’t good for arable land. It might be moor or stony land.
The problem began when the heirs had more children than farms. So the owners started to establish the Kotten. They got permission from the landlord to separate some land from their farm for a son or brother - that was called the Erbkotten. Or they got permission from the Mark community to cultivate some land in the Mark - that became the Markkotten. Eventually there were more children than farms, because the Kotter had children as well. So the next status was the Heurleute or tenants. They got a small house and a bit of land from the farmer and they had to work on the farm. And of course, the work for the farmer always came firSt They were usually quite poor and had another trade to make some money. The property did not belong to them. They leased it through their labor. Beneath the Heurleute were day-labourers, farm-hands and farm-less. Heurleute often chose to emigrate, as did the siblings of the heir.
Joes Franz was the first son of the 2nd marriage: his older brother inherited the family farm; Joes and his wife became heuerleute at Telbrake, amt Vechta, Oldenburg.
--
Sacramental Book of the Church of The Blessed Virgin Mary in Oythe..
Baptism: page 40 - 1741 22 Mai Parentes: Joan Herbert Repking Lugus Ecclessia Custos Matri Rebecca Niemann - Baptizati Joes Francicus - Patri Frantz Wilhelm Bundersack, Lustus: Gulesia Cushoe, Mata: Elizabetha Cloppenburg, Obsish: Helena Wilehing
Marriage: page 224 1779 4 May Copulati in Itzo Consanguinitatis graduaguali dispensati Franciscus Repking et virgo Anna Maria Tole presentibus testibus Anton Adelman et Hern Henrieo Hortman
On May 4, 1779, I married, in accordance with a dispensation due to a blood relationship, Francis Repking and the maiden Anna Maria Tole, presented by the witnesses Anton Adelman and Herman Henri Hortman
Tode: Verzeichniss der im Jahre 1818 im Kirchspiel Oythe Verstorbenen Nro 2 Tage Todes March 14 Bergrabniss March 17 Namen, Stand und Wohnung Franz Rebking Telebracke Alter Jahr 77
Death: Death Register for the year 1818 in the Parish District Church at Oythe Number 22. Day of Death March 14, buried March 17 Name, Status and Residence Franz Rebking Telebracke Age 77 years
Family Members
Siblings
Half Siblings
Children
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Anna Maria Repking Kohorst
1777–1855
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Catharina Elizabeth Repking
1780–1844
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Franz Anton Repking
1784–1855
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Arnold Heinrich Repking
1786–1792
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Johan Theodor Repking
1788 – unknown
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Johan Heribert Repking
1791 – unknown
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Johan Repking
1793–1864
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Gerhard Heinrich Repking
1793 – unknown
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Maria Theresia Repking Zurborg
1797 – unknown
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Maria Catharina Repking Tönjes
1798 – unknown
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